This post contains Amazon affiliate links. I receive a small commission if you use these links to purchase something at no additional cost to you. Thank you for the support!
If you are starting, the choice of needles is probably overwhelming at the beginning. The choice of needle should be based on the type of fabric and the thread you plan on using. I use a high quality polyester thread made in germany (Alterfil S100) and I mostly alternate between universal 80/12 and universal 100/16 needles from Schmetz. I only stock up on these which makes having enough spares for a project a certainty. You will need more 80s than 100s since they bend and/or break more easily.
If you only want to order a few needles to start with and find what’s working for you, an assorted needle set is always a good option so you get to build up your own experience but you will probably will end up with two or three sizes that will really work for you and for your work.
When it comes down to ultralight packs, the number #1 feature for me is volume to weight ratio. Unfortunately, while weighing a pack is easy, measuring volume is not so simple, so sometimes an estimate just has to be good enough.
Generally speaking, the backpacking industry tends to over estimate (or over advertise) pack volume which makes it relatively difficult to settle on a method that my audience can visualize. For ABC packs, I am following three simple rules to estimate their volumes.
Estimate the main compartment's volume as if it was a cylinder.
Do not account for pockets (even cargo pockets).
All measurements performed on a closed pack in the optimal position.
I will break down the math for you but it really is a simple process. Before I get the tape measure, I fill the bag with some pillow or cushions to give it a realistic volume and look. if you have only sleeping bags, even better. After that, I only need to measure the following two dimensions.
Height from bottom panel to the lowest part of the closed pack.
Circumference of the closed pack at mid-height.
Now let’s say the pack is a simple brick design, then the “circumference” is just the added width of the front, back and side panels after they were stitched together. It is a relatively crude approach, but it reflects the reality of how a pack deforms and sometimes stretches when full. So let’s do some simple math.
A circle and tis radius
The circumference of a circle is given by the following formula based on the radius r:
Circumference [cm] = 2 × π × Radius [cm]
Now if you take the standard formula giving the volume of a cylinder, it basically says that the volume is the product of the surface area of the base circle and its height and some contants.
A cylinder, its radius and its height
In other words, given that h is the height and r the radius:
Volume [cm³] = π × Radius [cm] ² × Height [cm]
If I now take the formula of the circumference and extracts the radius from it, I can inject the radius into the volume formula.
That’s it, that’s all you need! In the metric system, I would use centimeters for all my measurements, so I end up with a volume in cubic centimeters [cm³]. To convert this to liters:
Volume [L] = Volume [cm³] ÷ 1000
Et voilà, you now have a rough estimate of how much gear you can stuff in a bag. It’s not accurate since it is measuring a squarish form as a cylinder and making a lot of assumptions, but when packed to the brim, you can expect to be able to fit at least that volume in the pack. Note that in general a roll-top can also compensates for calculation errors, other closure types might not be so forgiving.
Afterword
But how does that help you if you are not making a pack but buying a custom pack from a maker? Well just send them this page and ask for them to measure their packs this way, then take this measurement and compare it to your measurements of the bags you already have. That way, you have one simple system. The exact volume does not matter, what matters is that you know what theoretical volume you use for different activities. Over time, you will develop a sense of what you need for a winter day hike, or a week long solo camping trip above the arctic circle in full autonomy.
Why would the exact volume not matter? Well, we all pack differently, and have different gear. Some gear compresses well, some gear creates empty space that cannot be filled, some gear needs to be inside the bag, while other gear just hangs on the outside… It mostly boils down to you and how you achieve your outdoor goals. The volume is an indicator of what that particular pack will hold “for you” in a particular configuration. The features you would request with that pack are what matters most after the volume of the main compartment. And that same volume of pack for two different configuration might not both do what you need.
